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GSE46302
Homo sapiens
24 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix HT Human Genome U133A Array (hthgu133a)
Description
We used an in vivo short hairpin RNA (shRNA) screening approach to identify genes that are essential for MLL-AF9 acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found that Integrin Beta 3 (Itgb3) is essential for murine leukemia cells in vivo, and for human leukemia cells in xenotransplantation studies. In leukemia cells, Itgb3 knockdown impaired homing, downregulated LSC transcriptional programs, and induced differentiation via the intracellular kinase, Syk. In contrast, loss of Itgb3 in normal HSPCs did not affect engraftment, reconstitution, or differentiation. Finally, we confirmed that Itgb3 is dispensable for normal hematopoiesis and required for leukemogenesis using an Itgb3 knockout mouse model. Our results establish the significance of the Itgb3 signaling pathway as a potential therapeutic target in AML.
Publication Title
In Vivo RNAi screening identifies a leukemia-specific dependence on integrin beta 3 signaling.
Sample Metadata Fields
Cell line, Treatment, Time
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Array (hugene10st)
Description
We compared gene expression profiles of ALS patients with normal patients and with multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) patients.
Publication Title
Differential gene expression in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 2 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Array (hugene10st)
Description
Adenosine to Inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a site-specific modification of RNA transcripts, catalyzed by members of the ADAR (Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNA) protein family. RNA editing occurs in human RNA in thousands of different sites. Some of the sites are located in protein-coding regions but the majority is found in non-coding regions, such as 3UTRs, 5UTRs and introns - mainly in Alu elements. While editing is found in all tissues, the highest levels of editing are found in the brain. It was shown that editing levels within protein-coding regions are increased during embryogenesis and after birth and that RNA editing is crucial for organism viability as well as for normal development. In this study we characterized the A-to-I RNA editing phenomenon during neuronal and spontaneous differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We identified high editing levels of Alu repetitive elements in hESCs and demonstrated a global decrease in editing levels of non-coding Alu sites when hESCs are differentiating, particularly into the neural lineage. Using RNA interference, we showed that the elevated editing levels of Alu elements in undifferentiated hESCs are highly dependent on ADAR1. DNA microarray analysis showed that ADAR1 knockdown has a global effect on gene expression in hESCs and leads to a significant increase in RNA expression levels of genes involved in differentiation and development processes, including neurogenesis. Taken together, our data suggest that A-to-I editing of Alu sequences plays a role in the regulation of hESC early differentiation decisions.
Publication Title
Alu sequences in undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells display high levels of A-to-I RNA editing.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 12 Downloadable Samples
NextSeq 500
Description
We have investigated the effects of CDK8/19 inhibitor Senexin B on NF?B-mediated transcription, induced by a canonical NF?B activator, TNFa. Overall design: HCT116 cells were pre-treated with or without 1 µM Senexin B for 1 hour, followed by 2 hour treatment with 10 ng/ml TNFa. Each treatment condition was done in biological triplicate.
Publication Title
CDK8/19 Mediator kinases potentiate induction of transcription by NFκB.
Sample Metadata Fields
Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 507 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2500
Description
Despite widespread interest in using human stem cells in neurological disease modeling, a suitable model system to study human neuronal connectivity is lacking. Here, we report a protocol for efficient differentiation of hippocampal pyramidal neurons and an in vitro model for hippocampal neuronal connectivity. We developed an embryonic stem cell (ESC)- and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based protocol to differentiate human CA3 pyramidal neurons from patterned hippocampal neural progenitor cells (NPCs). This differentiation induces a comprehensive patterning and generates multiple CA3 neuronal subtypes. The differentiated CA3 neurons are functionally active and readily form neuronal connection with dentate granule (DG) neurons in vitro, recapitulating the synaptic connectivity within the hippocampus. When we applied this neuronal co-culture approach to study connectivity in schizophrenia, we found deficits in spontaneous activity in patient iPSC derived DG–CA3 co-culture by multi-electrode array recording. In addition, both multi-electrode array recording and whole cell patch clamp electrophysiology revealed a reduction in spontaneous and evoked neuronal activity in CA3 neurons derived from schizophrenia patients. Altogether these results underscore the relevance of this new model in studying diseases with hippocampal vulnerability. Overall design: 4 technical replicates were used and later pooled together for the bioinformatic analysis.
Publication Title
Efficient Generation of CA3 Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Enables Modeling of Hippocampal Connectivity In Vitro.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples